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    • 专利摘要:
    use of a therapeutic agent and biodegradable sustained release implant to treat an eye condition. here, intracameral implants are described including at least one therapeutic agent for treating at least one eye condition. the implants described in this document are not anchored to the eye tissue, but are held in place by chains and gravity present in the anterior chamber of an eye. the implants are preferably polymeric, biodegradable and provide sustained release of at least one therapeutic agent, both for the trabecular mesh network and for the associated ocular tissue, and fluids within the anterior chamber of an eye.
    公开号:BR112012018134A2
    申请号:R112012018134-3
    申请日:2011-01-21
    公开日:2021-03-30
    发明作者:Michael R. Robinson；James Burke；Rhett Schiffman
    申请人:Allergan Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    . is 1/32 + h i Invention Patent Descriptive Report for "USE OF A THERAPEUTIC AGENT AND BIODEGRADABLE SUSTAINED RELEASE IMPLANT TO TREAT AN EYE CONDITION".
    CROSSED REFERENCE This application claims the benefit of Provisional Patent Application US 61 / 297,660, filed on January 22, 2010, the full disclosure of which is incorporated herein by this specific reference. - FIELD OF THE INVENTION bh The present invention relates to international sustained release implants and methods of producing and using them.
    SUMMARY Intraocular systems and methods for treating eye conditions are described here. In particular, local administration of a sustained release therapeutic agent delivery system to the anterior chamber and / or the anterior vitreous chamber of the eye to treat elevated intraocular pressure in the aqueous chamber is described.
    In addition, methods for treating an eye condition are described herein comprising the steps of: providing at least two biodegradable sustained release implants containing at least one therapeutic agent; implant at least two biodegradable sustained release implants in the anterior chamber of an eye; and treating the eye condition, in which at least two implants of sustained release biodegradable of about 100 ng per day of at least one bioactive agent for a period greater than about 1 month.
    In addition, methods for treating glaucoma in an eye are described herein comprising the steps of: providing at least two biodegradable sustained release implants containing at least one therapeutic agent; implant at least two biodegradable sustained release implants in the anterior chamber of the eye; allow sufficient time for at least two biodegradable sustained release implants to settle at the lower angle; allow sufficient time for at least two biodegradable sustained release implants to release the hair |
    . us a therapeutic agent; and treating glaucoma, in which at least two biodegradable sustained-release implants release about 100 ng per. day of at least one bioactive agent for a period greater than about 1 month.
    In one embodiment, the eye condition is glaucoma and / or high intraocular pressure. Sustained-release implants can release about 70% of at least one therapeutic agent during the first month. In some modalities, at least one therapeutic agent can comprise about 30% of at least two biodegradable sustained release implants and is selected from the group consisting of latanoprost, bimatoprost and travoprost and their salts, esters and prodrugs. a In another embodiment, at least two biodegradable sustained release 1 implants comprise about 5% to about 70% poly (D, L-lactide). In other embodiments, at least two biodegradable sustained release implants comprise about 5% to about 40% poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide). In yet other modalities, at least two biodegradable sustained release implants comprise about 5% to about 40% polyethylene glycol. In yet other exemplary embodiments, the at least two biodegradable sustained release implants comprise about 30% therapeutic agent, 65% poly (D, L-lactide) and 5% polyethylene glycol or about 20% agent therapeutic, 55% poly (D, L-lactide), 10% poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) and 5% polyethylene glycol. The implants themselves can be inserted into the eye tissue using a suitable applicator. Once implanted, at least two biodegradable sustained-release implants can settle at the lower angle within 24 hours of implantation into the anterior chamber. In one embodiment, the time sufficient for at least two biodegradable sustained release implants to release the hair — in a therapeutic agent is greater than about 42 days.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 illustrates the two different pathways for outflow of
    . aqueous humor of the anterior chamber, both located at the iridocorne-Prone angle. r Figure 2 illustrates the placement of an implant as described here! at the location of the aqueous humor outflow from the anterior chamber. Figure 3 illustrates the currents located inside the anterior chamber of an eye as well as a possible location for an implant or implants as described here. Figure 4 graphically illustrates an implant release profile of the present description. Figure 5 graphically illustrates an implant release profile of the present description. 7 Figure 6 illustrates the placement of an implant according to the present description.
    DEFINITIONS OF TERMS "About" means about ten percent of the number, parameter or characteristic so qualified. "Biodegradable polymer" means a polymer or polymers that degrade in vivo, and in which the erosion of the polymer or polymers over time occurs concomitantly with or subsequent to the release of the therapeutic agent. The terms "biodegradable" and "bioerodible" are used interchangeably here. A biodegradable polymer can be a homopolymer, a copolymer, or a polymer comprising more than two different polymer units. The polymer can be a gel-like polymer or hydrogel, polylactic acid or poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) or polyethylene glycol polymer or mixtures or derivatives thereof. "Eye condition" means a disease, illness or condition that affects or involves the eye region. In general, the eye includes the eyeball and the tissues and fluids that make up the eyeball, the periocular muscles (such as the oblique and rectus muscles) and the portion of the optic nerve, which is within or adjacent to the eye. eyeball. An anterior eye condition is a disease, illness or condition that affects or involves an anterior eye region or location (or
    . ie, front of the eye), such as a periocular muscle, an eyelid 7 or an eyeball tissue or fluid that is located anterior to the wall - posterior to the lens capsule or ciliary muscles. Thus, an anterior eye condition mainly affects or involves the conjunctiva, the cornea, the anterior chamber, the iris, the posterior chamber (behind the retina but in front of the posterior wall of the lens capsule), the lenses or lens capsules and blood and nerve vessels that vascularize or innervate an anterior ocular region or site. Thus, a previous eye condition may include a disease, illness or condition, such as, for example, aphakia; pseudophagy; asthmatism; blepharospasm; cataract; conjunctiva diseases; conjunctivitis; D corneal diseases; corneal ulcer; dry eye syndromes; eyelid diseases; lacrimal system diseases; tear duct obstruction; myopia; 'presbyopia; pupil disorders; refractive disorders and strabismus. Glau- coma can still be considered an anterior eye condition due to a clinical objective of the treatment of glaucoma can be to reduce hypertension of the aqueous fluid in the anterior chamber of the eye (that is, to reduce intra-ocular pressure).
    A posterior eye condition is a disease, illness or condition that primarily affects or involves a posterior or local eye region, such as a choroid or sclera (in a position posterior to a plane through the posterior wall of the lens capsule), vitreous, camera vitreous, retina, optic nerve (ie, optic disc), and blood vessels and nerves that vascularize or innervate a posterior ocular region or site.
    Thus, a posterior eye condition can include a disease, illness or condition, such as, for example, acute macular neuroretinopathy; Behcet's disease; choroidal neovascularization; diabetic uveitis; histoplasmosis; infections, such as infections caused by fungi or viruses; macular degeneration, such as acute macula degeneration, age-related non-exudative macula degeneration and age-related exudative macula degeneration; edema, such as macular edema, cystoid macular edema and diabetic macular edema; multifocal choroiditis; eye trauma that affects
    . a posterior ocular site or site; ocular tumors; retinal disorders, co-. mo central retinal vein occlusion, diabetic retinopathy (including retino- proliferative diabetic pathology), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), disease: retinal arterial occlusive, retinal uveitic disease; sympathetic ophthalmia; - Vogt Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH); uveal diffusion; a posterior eye condition caused or influenced by laser eye treatment; posterior eye conditions caused or influenced by photodynamic therapy, photocoagulation, radiation retinopathy, epiretinal membrane disorders, retinal vein branch occlusion, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, non-retinopathy diabetic retinal dysfunction, pigmented retinitis, and glaucoma. Glaucoma can be considered a posterior eye condition - because the therapeutic goal is to prevent loss or reduce the occurrence of and loss of vision due to damage to or loss of retinal cells or cells of the 'optic nerve (ie neuroprotection).
    "Eye region" or "eye site" means any area of the eyeball, including the anterior and posterior segment of the eye, and which generally includes, but is not limited to, any functional (e.g., for vision) or structural tissue found in the eyeball, or tissues or cell layers that partially or completely align the inside or outside of the eyeball. Specific examples of the areas of the eyeball in an eye region include the anterior (aqueous) chamber, the posterior chamber, the vitreous cavity, the choroid, the supracoroidal space, the conjunctiva, the subconjunctival space, the epiescleral space, the intracorneal space, the epicorneal space, sclera, pars plano, surgically induced avascular regions, macula, and retina "Sustained release" or "controlled release" refers to the release of at least one bioactive therapeutic agent, or drug, from of an implant at a predetermined rate. Sustained release implies that the therapeutic bioactive agent is not released from the implant sporadically in an unpredictable way and does not "explode" from the implant in contact with a biological environment (still referred to here as first-order kinetics) unless specifically intended for that purpose. However, the term "free
    : sustained beration "as used here does not prevent an" explosion phenomenon "associated with development. In some exemplary embodiments according to the present description an initial burst of at least: one therapeutic agent may be desirable followed by a release more gradual thereafter. The rate of release can be steady state (commonly referred to as "timed release" or kinetics of order zero), that is, at least one therapeutic agent is released in equal amounts over a predetermined time (with or without an initial burst phase) or it may be a gradual release, for example, sustained release may have substantially no fluctuation in the release of the therapeutic agent compared to topical administration. 7 "Therapeutic amount effective "means the level or amount of agent needed to treat an eye condition, or reduce or 'prevent eye damage or damage without causing side effects significant - negative or adverse to the eye or region of the eye. In view of the above, the therapeutically effective amount of a therapeutic agent, such as latanoprost, is an amount that is effective in reducing at least one symptom of an eye condition.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION Intracameral implants including at least one therapeutic agent are described herein. The implants described here are placed in the anterior chamber of the eye, but are not anchored in the ocular tissue. Instead, the implants are held in place by currents and gravity present in the anterior chamber of the eye. The implants are preferably polymeric, biodegradable and provide sustained release of at least one therapeutic agent for both the trabecular meshwork (TM) and the associated ocular tissues, and the fluids within the interior of the anterior chamber of the implanted eye. Direct or anterior intravitreal intravitreal administration of sustained-release implants or therapeutic agent delivery systems, as set forth here, is effective in treating an array of eye conditions outlined here. In this condition, glaucoma is characterized | by high intraocular pressure that can be treated as described here ig- |
    . regulating the mechanisms of clearance of robust scleral drug (for example, topical drops).
    - The variation in intraocular pressure (IOP) appears to be an 'independent risk factor for glaucomatous damage. Conventional therapy to treat ocular hypertension or glaucoma is the use of topical antihypertensive eye drops to reduce IOP. Unfortunately, the bolus dose with topical ophthalmic gums results in levels of therapeutic agent in the peaked anterior chamber and channel levels that result in variability in IOP control over time. This fluctuation in IOP can result in progression of the glaucomatous field, especially in patients with advanced glaucoma. Addressing this unmet need, in patients - with ocular hypertension or glaucoma that require medical treatment, are the sustained-release intracameral implants described here. Implants can establish low IOP fluctuations throughout the day and night, when topical drops are inconvenient. A nocturnal IOP peak occurs between 11 pm and 6 am in patients with open-angle glaucoma, and this may contribute to the progressive loss of the visual field in some patients. The additional limitation of topical therapy is the lack of steady state concentrations of drug in the anterior chamber with bolus dosing, not controlling elevations of nocturnal IOP in numerous patients. The implants described here establish low IOP fluctuations throughout the night as well, thereby alleviating the complications of topical administration at night hours.
    Non-compliance with a medical regimen containing one or more topical eye drops to treat ocular hypertension or glaucoma occurs in more than 50% of patients and this can contribute to IOP fluctuation during the day when the drops are not used on a schedule regular. The implants described here do not require this conformity and are therefore more patient friendly.
    Implants of sustained release of therapeutic agent that provide continuous release of therapeutic agent are described here, thus avoiding peak and channel therapeutic agent levels
    . that occur in aqueous humor with topical dosing. Concentrations - of steady-state drug reached in aqueous humor with the implants described here can significantly reduce IOP fluctuation during the day and night unlike conventional topical drug administration The anterior and posterior chambers of the eye are filled with aqueous humor, a fluid predominantly secreted by the ciliary body with an ionic composition similar to blood. The function of aqueous humor is twofold: 1) to supply nutrients to the avascular structures of the eye, such as lenses and the cornea, 2) to keep IOP within its physiological range. The maintenance of IOP and the supply of nutrients to the anterior segment 7 are factors that are critical for the maintenance of normal visual acuity.
    .—- Aqueous humor is predominantly secreted into the posterior chamber of the eye through the ciliary processes of the ciliary body and a minor mechanism for the production of aqueous humor is through ultrafiltration of arterial blood (Figure 1). Aqueous humor then reaches the anterior chamber by crossing the pupil and there are convection currents where the flow of water adjacent to the iris is turned upwards, and the flow of water adjacent to the cornea flows downwards (Figure 2).
    There are two different flow paths out of aqueous humor, both located at the iridocorneal angle of the eye (Figure 1). The uveoscleral or unconventional route refers to the aqueous humor leaving the anterior chamber by diffusion through intercellular spaces between the fibers of the ciliary muscle. Although this appears to be a minor exit route in humans, the uveoscleral or unconventional route is the target of specific antihypertensive drugs, such as hypotensive lipids that increase the functionality of this route by remodeling the extracellular matrix.
    The aqueous humor drains 360 degrees within the trabecular meshwork that initially has pore size diameters ranging from 10 to less than 30 microns in humans. Aqueous humor is drained through the Schlemm channel and leaves the eye through 25 to 30 collecting channels to the aqueous veins and, eventually, to the episcleral vasculature and veins of the
    . orbit (see Figure 3). Figure 3 is a schematic drawing in which the arrows - indicate the convection currents of the aqueous humor in the anterior chamber of the. eye.
    An implant as described herein, which releases at least one therapeutic agent, is shown to be placed inferiorly.
    Free therapeutic agents that elute from the implant enter the convention currents of aqueous humor (arrows). Therapeutic agents are then dispersed throughout the anterior chamber and enter the target tissues, such as the trabecular meshwork and the ciliary body region, through the iris root region.
    An advantage of the intracameral injection and the placement of the biodegradable implant described here is that the anterior chamber is a privileged immune site in the body and less likely to react to foreign materials, such as systems for releasing polymeric therapeutic agents. . . This is not the case in the sub-Tenon space where inflammatory reactions to foreign materials are common.
    In addition to the anterior chamber containing immunoregulatory factors that confer immune privilege, particles with diameters greater than 30 microns are less immunogenic and are less likely to cause eye inflammation.
    Macrophages residing in the eye are the first line of defense with foreign bodies or infectious agents, however, particles larger than 30 microns are difficult for phagocytosis.
    Therefore, particles larger than 30 microns are less likely to activate macrophage and the following inflammatory cascade.
    This reduction in the inflammatory response is beneficial to a patient.
    The efficiency of delivery of therapeutic agents or drugs to aqueous humor with a polymeric delivery system is much greater with an intracameral site compared to a sub-Tenon application.
    Thus, less than 1% of therapeutic agent released in the sub-Tenon space will enter the aqueous humor whereas 100% of the drug released intracamerally will enter the aqueous humor.
    Therefore, lower loads of therapeutic agent are required for intracameral drug delivery systems described herein in comparison to sub-Tenon applications.
    As such, there will be less exposure of the conjunctiva to therapeutic agents and as a result less propensity for the development of - conjunctival hyperemia when releasing topical therapeutic agents, such as prostaglandins and prostamines. Finally, therapeutic agents will enter the conjunctival / episcleral blood vessel through the aqueous veins directly after intracameral implantation. This minimizes conjunctival hyperemia with, for example, prostaglandin analogues compared to a sub-Tenon injection where numerous vessels are at risk of dilation with a high concentration of therapeutic agent present diffusely in the conjunctival extravascular space. The direct intracameral implant still eliminates the need for preservatives, which when used in topical drops can irritate the ocular surface.
    í The implants described here are made of polymeric materials .. to provide maximum implant approach to the iridocorneal angle. In addition, the size of the implant, which varies in diameter, width or cross-section from about 0.1 mm to about 1 mm, and lengths from about 0.1 mm to about 6 mm, allows the implant is inserted into the anterior chamber using an applicator with a small caliber needle ranging from about 22G to about 30G.
    The polymer materials used to form the implants described here can be any combination of polylactic acid, glycolic acid and / or polyethylene glycol that provides a sustained release of the therapeutic agent in the outflow system of the eye over time . Other polymer-based sustained-release therapeutic agent delivery systems for hypotensive lipids can also be used intracamerally to reduce IOP.
    The intra-American implants described here can release loads of therapeutic agent over various periods of time. Implants, when inserted intracamerally, or in the anterior vitreous, provide therapeutic levels of at least one therapeutic agent for extended periods of time. Extended periods of time can be about 1 week, about 6 weeks, about 6 months, about 1 year or longer.
    Suitable polymeric materials or compositions for use in and implants include those materials that are compatible, that is, biocompatible - with the eye so as not to cause any substantial interference! with the functioning or the physiology of the eye. These materials are preferably — at least partially and, most preferably, substantially biodegradable or bioerodible.
    In one embodiment, examples of useful polymeric materials include, without limitation, those materials derived from and / or including organic ethers and organic ethers, which when degraded result in physiologically acceptable degradation products, including monomers. In addition, polymeric materials derived from and / or including, anhydrides, amides, E: orthoesters and the like, alone or in combination with other monomers, may still find use. The polymeric materials can be addition or condensation polymers, advantageously condensation polymers. Polymeric materials can be cross-linked or non-cross-linked, for example, no more than slightly cross-linked, such as less than about 5%, or less than about 1% of the polymeric material being cross-linked. For the most part, in addition to carbon and hydrogen, the polymers will include at least one of oxygen and nitrogen, advantageously oxygen Oxygen can be present as oxide, for example, hydroxy or ether, carbonyl, for example, not oxo -carbonyl, such as carboxylic acid ester and the like. Nitrogen can be present as amide, cyan and amino.
    In one embodiment, polymers of hydroxyaliphatic carboxylic acids, whether homopolymers or copolymers, and polysaccharides are useful in implants. Polyesters can include polymers of D-lactic acid, L-lactic acid, racemic lactic acid, glycolic acid, polycaprolactone and combinations thereof. Generally, using L-lactate or D-lactate, a polymer or polymeric material of slow erosion is obtained, while erosion is substantially improved with the lactate racemate. Useful polysaccharides and polyethers may include, but are not limited to, polyethylene glycol (PEG), calcium alginate and functionalized celluloses, particularly carboxy esters.
    ! methylcellulose characterized by being insoluble in water and having a molecular weight of about 5 kD to about 500 kD, for example. - Other polymers of interest include, but are not limited to, poly- vinyl alcohol, polyesters, and combinations of these that are biocompatible and - may be biodegradable and / or bioerodible. Some preferential characteristics of polymers or polymeric materials for use in the present implants may include biocompatibility, compatibility with the selected therapeutic agent, ease of use of the polymer in the production of the therapeutic agent release system described here, a half-life wishes- damage to physiological environment, and insolubility in water. In one embodiment, an intracameral implant according to: this description has a formulation of 30% therapeutic agent, 45% ”R203S poly (D, L-lactide), 20% R202H poly (D, L-lactide) and 5% PEG
    3350. In another embodiment, the formulation is 20% therapeutic agent, 45% poly R203S (D, L-lactide), 10% poly R202H (D, L-lactide), 20% poly RG752S (DL- lactide-co-glycolide) and 5% PEG 3350. The range of concentrations of constituents that can be used is from about 5% to about 40% of therapeutic agent, about 10% to about 60% of R203S, about 5% to about 20% R202H, about 5% to about 40% RG752SebOa about 15% PEG 3350. Specific polymers can be omitted, and other types added, to adjust release rates therapeutic agent. The polymers used are commercially available. The polymers used to form the implant have independent properties associated with them that when combined provide the necessary properties for sustained release of at least one therapeutic agent once implanted. For example, R203S poly (D, L-lactide) has an inherent viscosity, or average viscosity, from about 0.25 to about 0.35 dli / g, whereas R202H poly (D, L-lactide) has an inherent lower viscosity of about 0.16 to about 0.24 di / g. As such, the polymer compositions described here may have a mixture of lower or higher molecular weight poly (D, L-lactide). Likewise, RG752S
    ! poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) has a molar ratio of D, L-lactide: glycolide from about 73:27 to about 77:23 and an inherent viscosity of about - 0.16 to about 0.24 di / g.
    The polyethylene glycol used here may have a | they are molecular, for example, from about 3,000 to about 3,500 g / mol, preferably about 3,350 g / mol.
    Polymers having different inherent viscosities and / or molecular weights can be combined to arrive at a polymer composition suitable for sustained release of a particular therapeutic agent (s). The appropriate biodegradable polymeric materials that are included to form the polymeric matrix are preferably subjected to enzymatic or hydrolytic instability.
    Soluble polymers can be cross-linked with unstable hydrolytic or biodegradable cross-links to provide useful water-insoluble polymers.
    The degree of stability can be widely varied, depending on the choice of monomer, whether a homopolymer or copolymer is employed, using mixtures of polymers, and whether the polymer includes terminal acid groups.
    Of equal importance to control the biodegradation of the polymer and hence the profile of prolonged release of the implant is the relative average molecular weight of the polymeric composition used in the implants.
    Different molecular weights of the same or different polymeric compositions can be included to modulate the release profile of at least one therapeutic person.
    The implants described here can be monolithic, that is, having at least one therapeutic agent homogeneously distributed throughout the polymeric matrix, or encapsulated, where a reservoir of therapeutic agent is encapsulated by the polymeric matrix.
    In addition, the therapeutic agent can be distributed in a non-homogeneous pattern in the matrix.
    For example, implants can include a portion that has a higher concentration of the therapeutic agent compared to a second portion of the implant - which can terminate.
    The total weight of an implant is dependent on the volume of the anterior chamber and the activity or solubility of the therapeutic agent.
    Generally, the
    ] dose of therapeutic agent is generally about 0.1 mg to about 200 mg of implant per dose. For example, an implant can weigh about 1. mg, about 3 mg, about 5 mg, about 8 mg, about 10 mg, about | 100 mg, about 150 mg, about 175 mg, or about 200 mg, including the - incorporated therapeutic agent. A charge of the therapeutic agent associated with an implant will have a sustained release or profiling property associated with it. For example, during the first 30 days after implantation, the implants described here can release about 1 µg / day to about 20 µg / day. During the lifetime of an implant, about 100 ng / day to about 900 ng / day can be released. In other modalities, about 300 ng media, about 7 675 ng / day or about 700 ng / day of the therapeutic agent are released. . The proportions of the therapeutic agent, polymer and any other modifier can be determined empirically by formulating various implant lots with varying average proportions. The release rates can be estimated, for example, using the infinite source method, a heavy sample of the implant is added to a measured volume of a solution containing 0.9% NaCl in water, where the volume of solution will be such that the concentration of the therapeutic agent after release is less than 5% saturation. The mixture is kept at 37 ° C and stirred slowly. The appearance of the therapeutic agent dissolved as a function of time can be followed by various methods known in the art, such as spectrophotometric, HPLC, mass spectrometry and the like until the absorbance becomes constant or until more than 90% of the agent therapists — have been released.
    The therapeutic agents that can be used with the implants described here are prostaglandins, prostaglandin analogs and prostheses. Examples include prostaglandin receptor oagonists including prostaglandin E; (alprostadil), prostaglandin Ez (dinoprostone), lata- —noprost and travoprost. Latanoprost and travoprost are prostaglandin prodrugs (ie, isopropyl esters of a prostaglandin); however, they are referred to as prostaglandins because they act on the
    It is a prostaglandin F-receptor after being hydrolyzed to 1-carboxylic acid. = A prostamide (still called a prostaglandin-ethanolamide) is a - prostaglandin analog that is pharmacologically unique from a] prostaglandin (ie, because prostamides act on a celliferous receptor [the prostamide receptor] than prostaglandins do), and is a neutral lipid formed as an oxygenation product of cyclooxygenase-2 ("COX-2") enzyme from an endocannabinoid (such as anandamide). In addition, prostamides do not hydrolyze in situ to 1-carboxylic acid. Examples of prostamides are bimatoprost (synthetically prepared from amyl ethyl 17-phenyl prostaglandin F24) and prostamide F27. Other prostaglandin analogs that can be used as therapeutic agents include, but are not limited to, unoprostone and EP / EP receptor agonists. .- Prostaglandins as used here still include one or more types of prostaglandin derivatives, prostaglandin analogs including prostamides and prostamide derivatives, prodrugs, salts thereof, and mixtures thereof. In certain implants, prostaglandin comprises a compound having structure # 7 A | scene
    R where the dotted bonds represent a single or double bond that can be in the cis or trans configuration; A is an alkyl- —no or alkenylene radical having two to six carbon atoms, the radical of which may be interrupted by one or more oxide radicals and replaced by one or more hydroxy, oxo, alkyloxy or alkylcarboxy groups in which the alkyl radical comprises one to six carbon atoms; B is a cycloalkyl radical having three to seven carbon atoms, or an aryl radical selected from hydrocarbyl aryl and heteroaryl radicals containing four to ten carbon atoms in which the heteroatom is selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms; X is -OR * or -N (Rº) where Rº is selected from hydrogen-
    | nio, a lower alkyl radical having from one to six carbon atoms,. : Í - Re O Ro C—: where Rº is a lower alkyl radical having one to six carbon atoms; Z is = 0 or represents two hydrogen radicals; one of R 'and R é = 0, -OH or a -O group (COJRº and the other is -OH or -O (COJ) R $ ô, or R 'is = 0eRé hydrogen, where Rº is an acyclic saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having to 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, or - (CH2) R 'where m is O or an integer from 1 to 10, and R' is a cycloalkyl radical, having three to seven carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbyl radical, aryl or heteroaryl, as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt “the dosmesmos.
    .. Pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of the compounds described are those formed from acids that form non-toxic addition salts containing pharmaceutically acceptable anions, such as the hydrochloride, hydrobromide, iodrate, sulfate or bisulfate, phosphate or phosphate salts acid, acetate, maleate, fumarate, oxalate, lactate, tartrate, citrate, gluconate, saccharate and p-toluene sulfonate.
    In an example embodiment, implants include a prostaglandin having the structure R z 7 x <1> ço Is L emo where y is O or 1, x is O or 1 and y and y are not both 1, Y is selected from — group consisting of alkyl, halo, nitro, amino, thiol, hydroxy, alkyloxy, alkylcarboxy and substituted alkyl halo, wherein said alkyl radical comprises from one to six carbon atoms, n is O or an integer of 1 3 and Rº é = 0, -OH or O (COJRº.
    In additional exemplary modalities, prostaglandin has the formula
    . z Rº = the wire, the x: A = "is (GROUND)," x 7
    RR where the hatched lines indicate the alpha configuration and the solid triangles indicate the beta configuration. In some implants described here, prostaglandin has the formula and z, A Axo ÇA ça. It's (CHI / (O), * It's AD
    FS where Y 'is Cl or trifluoromethyl. Other prostaglandins may have the following formula is IF v. oh and esters 9-, 11- and / or 15 of them. In an exemplary embodiment, the prostaglandin component comprises a compound having the formula o
    OH This compound is also known as bimatoprost and is publicly available in an ophthalmic solution under the trade name LUMI-
    | 18/32: GANO (Allergan, Inc., Irvine, CA). O In another exemplary embodiment of an intraocular implant, a - prostaglandin comprises a compound having the structure and
    AAA F Ss RO: This prostaglandin is known as latanoprost and is publicly available in an ophthalmic solution under the trade name XALA-TANÔO. Thus, implants can comprise at least one therapeutic biologic agent that comprises, essentially consists of, or consists of latanoprost, a salt thereof, isomer, prodrug or mixtures thereof.
    The prostaglandin component can be in a particulate or powder form and it can be trapped by the biodegradable polymer matrix. Generally, prostaglandin particles will have an effective average size of less than about 3000 nanometers. In certain implants, the particles can have an average effective particle size of about an order of magnitude less than 3000 nanometers. For example, particles can have an average effective particle size less than about 500 nanometers. In additional implants, the particles may have an average effective particle size of less than about 400 nanometers and yet in other embodiments, a size of less than about 200 nanometers.
    Other therapeutic agents useful with the intra-implant implants described here include, but are not limited to, beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists (such as timolol, betaxolol, levobetaxolol, carteolol, levobunol! And propranolol, which decrease mood production watery by the ciliary body); alpha-adrenergic receptor agonists, such as brimonidine and apraclonidine (iopidine) (which act by a double mechanism, decreasing the
    Ú aqueous production and increasing the uveosclieral outflow); sympathomomy- less selective methods, such as epinephrine and dipivephrine (act to increase the outflow of aqueous humor through the trabecular meshwork and possibly through the uveoscleral outflow pathway, probably —by a 2-agonist beta action ); carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, such as dorzolamide, brinzolamide, acetazolamide (lower secretion of aqueous humor inhibiting carbonic anhydrase in the ciliary body); rhokinase inhibitors (lower IOP disrupting the actin cytoskeleton of the tractular meshwork; vaptanes (vasopressin receptor antagonists); —anecortave acetate and analogues; ethacrynic acid; cannabinoids; cholinergic agonists including direct-acting cholinergic agonists (miotic agents, para- = sympathomimetics), such as carbacol, pilocarpine hydrochloride; .. Pilocarbine and pilocarpine (act by contraction of the ciliary muscle, narrowing of the trabecular meshwork and allowing increased outflow of aqueous humor) ; cholinesterase inhibitors, such as demecarium, ecothiophate and physostigmine; glutamate antagonists; calcium channel blockers including memantine, amantadine, rimantadine, nitroglycerin, dextrophane, de-tromethorphan, dihydropyridines, verapamil, verapamila, emopamine, empyramine, benzamine, verapamila, emopamine, empyramine, empyramine. , bepridyl, diphenylbutylpiperidines, diphenylpiperazines, fluspirylene, eliprodila, i-fenprodila, tibalosina, flunarizina, nicardipina, nifedimpina, nimodipine, barnipipine, verapamil, lidoflazine, prenylamine lactate and amiloride; prostamides, such as bimatoprost, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof; and prostaglandins including travoprost, cloprostenol, fluprostenol, 13,14-dihydro-cloprostene !, isopropyl unoprostone and latano-prost AR- | 02 (a prostaglandin FP agonist available from Aerie Pharmaceuticals, Inc.); AL-3789 (anecortave acetate, an angiostatic steroid available from Alcon); AL-6221 (travaprost rravatan) a prostaglandin FP agonist; PF-03187207 (a nitric oxide donor prostaglandin available from Pfizer) PF-04217329 (also available from Pfizer); INS1 15644 (a lantrunculine B compound available from Inspire Pharmaceuti- quay) and INS1 17548 (Rho-kinase inhibitor also available from Inspire Farmaceuticals).
    : Combinations of ocular antihypertensive drugs, such as a beta "blocker and a prostaglandin / prostamide analogue, may still be used in the delivery systems described here. These include bimato- 'prostitimolol, travoprost / timolo |, latanoprost / timolol | , brimonidine / timolol and dorzolamide / timolol In combination with a therapeutic reducing agent of | - OP, an agent that confers neuroprotection can also be placed in the release system and includes memantine and serotonergics [for example, agonists 5-HT.sub.2, such as, but not limited to S - (+) - Il- (2-aminopropyl) - indazol-6-01)].
    Other therapeutic agents outside the class of hypotensive eye agents can be used with intra-American implants to treat a variety of eye conditions. For example, anti-VEGF and other - anti-angiogenesis compounds can be used to treat neovascular glaucoma. Another example is the use of corticosteroids or calcinurin inhibitors that can be used to treat diseases such as uveitis and corneal transplant rejection. These implants can also be placed in the subconjunctival and vitreous space.
    In addition, new methods for making implants are described here. The therapeutic agent of the present implants is preferably from about 20% to about 90% by weight of the implant. More preferably, the therapeutic agent is about 5% to about 30% by weight of the implant. In a preferred embodiment, the therapeutic agent is an antihypertensive agent and comprises about 15% by weight of the implant (for example, 5% to 30% by weight). In another embodiment, the antihypertensive agent comprises - comprises about 20% or about 30% by weight of the implant.
    In addition to the therapeutic agent, the implants described herein may include or may be provided in compositions that include the effective amounts of buffering agents, preservatives and the like. Water-soluble buffering agents include, but are not limited to, alkaline earth alkaline carbonates, phosphates, bicarbonates, citrates, borates, acetates, succinates and the like, such as phosphate, citrate, borate, acetate, bicarbonate, sodium carbonate and similar. These agents may be present
    : in sufficient quantities to maintain a pH of the system between about 2 to about 9 and more preferably about 4 to about 8. As such, the buffering agent can be as much as about 5% by weight of the 7 total implant. Suitable water-soluble preservatives include sodium bisulfite, sodium bisulfate, sodium thiosulfate, ascorbate, benzalkonium chloride, chlorobutanol, thimerosal, phenylmercuric acetate, phenylmercury borate, phenylmercuric nitrate, parabens, methylparaben, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol benzyl ol, phenyl ethanol and the like and mixtures thereof. These agents can be present in amounts from about 0.001% to about 5% by weight and preferably about 0.01% to about 2% by weight of the implant.
    à In one embodiment, a preservative such as benzi- chloride. lalkonium is provided in the implant. In another modality, the implant can include both benzylalkonium chloride and bimatoprost. In yet another mode, bimatoprost is replaced by latanoprost.
    Various techniques can be employed to produce the implants described here. Useful techniques include, but are not necessarily limited to, self-emulsification methods, super critical fluid methods, solvent evaporation methods, phase separation methods, spray drying methods, grinding methods, interfacial methods, molding methods, injection molding methods, combinations thereof and the like.
    In one embodiment, implant production methods involve dissolving the appropriate polymers and therapeutic agents in a solvent. The selection of the solvent will depend on the polymers and therapeutic agents chosen. For the implants described here, including a therapeutic agent such as latanoprost, dichloromethane (DCM) is an appropriate solvent. Once the polymers and therapeutic agents have been dissolved, the resulting mixture is molded into a matrix of an appropriate shape.
    Then, once molded, the solvent used to dissolve the polymers and therapeutic agents is evaporated at a temperature between about 20ºC and about 30ºC, preferably about 25ºC. The
    : ro can be dried at room temperature or even in a vacuum. For example, molded polymers including therapeutic agents can be dried - by evaporation in a vacuum. : The dissolution and molding steps form the implants because the dissolution of the polymers and therapeutic agents allows the system to naturally partition and form in the most natural configuration based on properties such as polymer viscosity and hence molecular weight, hydrophobicity / hydrophilicity of the polymer, molecular weight of the therapeutic agent, hydrophobicity / hydrophilicity of the therapeutic agent and the like. Once the molded polymers are dried, they can be processed into an implant using any method known in the art to do so. In an exemplary embodiment, the dry molded polymer can be e.g. cut into small pieces and extruded into round or square rod-shaped structures at a temperature between about 50ºC and about 120ºC, preferably about 90ºC. In other exemplary embodiments, films can simply be cast without extrusion.
    Other methods involve extrusion of dry polymer powders and dry or liquid therapeutic agents. The implants are extruded and formed in a random orientation depending on the dry powder mixture itself and not based on the physical properties of the components. Prostate glandins, such as latanoprost, are very difficult to incorporate in hot-melt extruded implants because they generally exude prostaglandin when heated. Therefore, the extrusion temperature is kept as low as possible to prevent loss and degradation of the prostate-glandine. This can be achieved using a selected combination of polymers of appropriate molecular weight and a plasticizer-type (polyethylene glycol) PEG that are compatible with prostaglandin. Prostaglandin and PEG plasticize the polymers to a degree that allows the mixture to be extruded at a temperature where the prostaglandin is not degraded or lost.
    The therapeutic agent having implants discussed here can be used to treat other eye conditions besides glaucoma and / or IOP
    : increased, such as the following: maculopathies / retinal degeneration: Macular degeneration including age-related macular degeneration. (ARMD), such as non-exudative age-related macular degeneration and macular degeneration related to exudative age, coronal neovascularization, retinopathy, including diabetic retinopathy, acute and chronic macular neuroretinopathy, serous central chorioretinopathy and macular edema, including cystoid macular edema and diabetic macular edema. Uveitis / retinitis / choroiditis: acute multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy, Behcet's disease, Birdshot retino-choroidopathy, infectious uveitis (syphilis, lyme, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis) including intermediate uveitis (pars planite) and anterior uveitis, multifocal syndrome, choroiditis multiple evanescent white spot (MEWDS), sar- ocular kidosis, posterior scleritis, serpignous choroiditis, subretinal fibrosis,
    2. Uveitis syndrome and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. Vascular diseases / exudative diseases: retinal arterial occlusive disease, central retinal vein occlusion, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, retinal branch vein occlusion, hypertensive background changes, ocular ischemic syndrome, arterial retinal microaneurysms, retinal disease Coat, parafaveal telangiectase, hemi-retinal vein occlusion, papillophlebitis, central retinal artery occlusion, retinal branch artery occlusion, carotid artery disease (CAD), matte branch angitis, sickle cell retinopathy and other hemoglobinopathies , angioid streaks, familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, Ea- les disease. Traumatic / surgical: sympathetic ophthalmia, retinal uveitis, retinal dislocation, trauma, laser, PDT, photocoagulation, hypoperfusion during surgery, radiation retinopathy, bone marrow transplant retinopathy. Proliferative disorders: proliferative vitreous retinopathy and epiretin membranes, proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Infectious disorders: ocular histoplasmosis, ocular toxocariase, presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS), endophthalmitis, toxoplasmosis, retinal diseases associated with HIV infection, choroidal disease associated with HIV infection, uveitic disease associated with HIV infection HIV, viral retininte, acute retinal necrosis, progressive external retinal necrosis, fungal retinal diseases, ocular syphilis, ocular tuberculosis, diffuse neuroretinitis su |
    : diffuse baguda and myiasis. Genetic disorders: retinitis pigmentosa, systemic disorders with associated retinal dystrophies, congenital stationary night blindness, cone dystrophies, Stargardt's disease and fundus flavimaculitis, Bests disease, retinal pigment epithelium dystrophy pattern, X-linked retinoschisis, Sorsby fundus dystrophy, benign concentric maculopathy, Bietti's lens dystrophy, elastic pseudoxanthoma. Retinal ruptures / holes: retinal displacement, macular orifice, giant retinal rupture. Tumors: retinal disease associated with tumors, congenital RPE hypertrophy, posterior uveal melanoma, choroidal hemangioma, choroidal osteoma, choroidal metastasis, combined retinal hamartoma and retinal pigment epithelium, retinoblastoma, vasoproliferative tumors of the ocular fundus, astrocytoma , intraocular lymphoid tumors. Varied: chorus- and. interior punctate dopathy, posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy, myopic retinal degeneration, acute retinal pigment epithelitis and the like.
    In an exemplary embodiment, an implant comprising both PLA, PEG and PLGA and including an antihypertensive agent is used because implants of such a composition result in significantly less inflammation (for example, less corneal hyperemia) through intracameral administration or anterior vitreous. Another modality can comprise a therapeutic agent delivery system with a Plurality of antihypertensive agents contained in different segments of the same implant. For example, one segment of an implant may contain an antihypertensive muscarinic agent, a second segment of the implant may contain an antihypertensive prostaglandin and the third segment of the implant | may contain an antihypertensive beta blocker. Such an implant can be injected to increase the aqueous outflow through the trabecular meshwork, to improve uveoscleral flow and to reduce the production of aqueous humor. Several hypotensive agents with different mechanisms of action may be more effective in reducing IOP than monotherapy, which is the use of a single type of antihypertensive agent. A segmented multiple implant has the advantage of allowing lower doses of each therapeutic agent
    | 25/32: separate used than the required dose with monotherapy, thereby reducing the side effects of each therapeutic agent used. . In one embodiment, when using a segmented implant, P each segment preferably has a length of no more than about 2 mm. Preferably, the total number of segments administered through a 22G to 25G diameter needle is about four. With a 27G diameter needle, the length of the total segments inside the needle hole or lumen can be up to about 12 mm. The fluid-absorbing action of the TM can be exploited to prevent implants that have an appropriate geometry from floating around the anterior chamber causing visual obscuration. Gravity brings 1 "these implants down to about the 6 o'clock position, for example, from e. About 20 degrees or so and the implants are stable (immovable) in this position. The implants can be administered via intraocular by a 22G to 30G diameter needle with lengths totaling no more than about 6 to 8 mm being more preferred to take advantage of the TM fluid absorption mechanism with resulting intraocular implant immobility and without visual obscuration. , despite being firmly in the 6 o'clock position in the anterior chamber due to the TM absorption effect, implants can release rates that exceed the TM clearance rate and this allows the therapeutic agent (s) released by the implants quickly fill the anterior chamber and distribute well in the target tissues together with a 360 degree distribution pattern.The evaluation of the implants at the angle of the anterior chamber with gonioscopy showed that there is no and no inflammatory tissue in the vicinity of the implants.
    The release of therapeutic agents in front of the eye (anterior chamber) can both reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) and avoid aggressive clearance of trans-sclerotic barriers. Intracameral injections (ie direct injection into the anterior chamber) of implants as described here and injections into the anterior vitreous of the same through pars plano effectively avoid trans-sclerotic barriers and improve the effectiveness of the components.
    | 26/32: antihypertensive eye clinics.
    Importantly, the current implants required the development of new systems for releasing sustained-release therapeutic people with particular physical characteristics due to the unique anatomy and physiology of the anterior chamber.
    Ss In an exemplary embodiment, bimatoprost can be used in the implants described here.
    Bimatoprost can improve the aqueous outflow through the trabecular meshwork (TM) mediated through a prosthetide receptor.
    In the human eye, the main flow pathway is the trabecular or conventional outflow pathway.
    This fabric contains three different layers.
    From the inner part to the outer part, the layer of tissue closest to the anterior chamber is the uveal mesh, formed by
    : connective tissue arising from the iris and stroma of the ciliary body and covered by. endothelial cells.
    This layer does not offer much resistance to the outflow of aqueous humor due to the large intracellular spaces.
    The next layer, known as the corneoscleral mesh, is characterized by the presence of coverslips covered by endothelial cells in a basement membrane.
    The lamellae are formed by glycoproteins, collagen, hyaluronic acid and elastic fibers.
    The superior organization of the corneoscleral mesh, in relation to the uveal mesh, as well as its narrower intracellular spaces, are responsible for the increase in flow resistance.
    The third layer, which is in direct contact with the inner wall of Schlemm's endothelial cells, is the tight canalicular mesh.
    It is formed by cells embedded in a dense extracellular matrix and most of the tissue's resistance to aqueous flow is postulated to be in this layer, due to
    to their narrow intracellular spaces.
    The layer of endothelial cells in the Schlemm channel has expandable pores that transfer the aqueous to the channel and accounts for approximately 10% of the total resistance.
    A- it is believed that aqueous humor crosses the endothelium of the inner wall of Schlemm's canal by two different mechanisms: a paracellular pathway through the junctions formed between endothelial cells and a transcellular pathway through expandable intracellular pores of the same cells.
    Once there is entry into the Schlemm canal (Figure 2), the aqueous drains directly
    for the collecting ducts and aqueous veins that anastomose with the episecleral and conjunctival plexuses of the vessels. Does the outflow of aqueous humor through the trabecular pathway depend on IOP, usually measured as facilitating outflow, expressed in microliters per minute of mercury.
    Episcleral venous pressure controls the outflow through the collecting channels and is a factor that contributes to intraocular pressure. Increases in episecleral venous pressure as seen with bell-carotid-cavernous fistulas, orbital varicose veins, and Sturge-Weber syndrome, can lead to difficulties in managing glaucoma. Reducing epiescleral venous pressure in disease states, such as treating bell-carotid-cavernous fistulas, can normalize epiescleral venous pressure and reduce intraocular pressure. The targeting of the outflow channels and vessels stops. reducing epiescleral venous pressure with pharmacotherapy can reduce | - OP. Example 1 A series of three experiments was performed comparing IOP fluctuations over time in groups of animals treated with ophthalmic gums or a sustained release bimatoprost implant as described here. IOPs were recorded over time and the - “averageOPELs for each animal was calculated after dosing. The standard deviation (SD) of the mean was used to compare the IOP control variability for each animal, and the mean of all mean SD was calculated. A lower number, for example, could correspond to less IOP fluctuation. This final SD value was calculated for all animals in the group - dosed topically and further calculated for all animals that received an intracameral implant, and the values were compared to determine whether intracameral implants were more effective in reducing 1OP fluctuation. Experiment 1: Six normal beagle dogs had a drop of 0.03% ophthalmic solution of bimatoprost (LUMIGAN ) Applied to the left eye daily. IOP records were made with a pneumatonometer close to 10 am in the morning. Table 1 shows the IOP records in mmHG in
    'weekly intervals for 1 month in 6 dogs receiving eye drops of bi-Sa matoprost daily.
    The mean SD average for each animal is - 1.88 mm Hg.
    It is Table 1: Bimatoprost 0.03% Eye Drops: IOP Results [| - Jesoa | CãoB | Cãoc CãoD CãoE [color] 1OP (mmHG) [sinks - = - = - es j8o ez 100 | 100 | 75 | [biats - ——72 62 eg leo 68 103 | [iaz2 - = - J8s 78 18 | o2 | 75 | 145 | [From now to 77 ur 95 ma | [Average = ———— j 83 | 74 (108 94 85 1109 | Ads ore joss | 18 joas j154 (289 | Experiment 2: A bimatoprost implant with a formulation containing: 30% therapeutic agent, 45% R203S, 20% R202H and 5% PEG 3350 it was manufactured with a total implant weight of 900 µg (drug load 270 µg) The in vitro release rates of this implant are graphically illustrated in Figure 4. This implant released approximately 70% during the first 30 days.
    An implant with a drug load of 270 µg would release 189 µg during the first 30 days or 6.3 µg per day.
    The remainder of the implant (81 µg) is released for the remainder of four months (for example 675 ng per day). Normal beagle dogs received general anesthesia and a 3 mm wide keratotome blade was used to penetrate the anterior chamber of the right eyes.
    A bimatoprost implant was placed in the anterior chamber and is pelleted at the lower angle within 24 hours.
    The results of IOP are shown in Table 2. The mean SD mean for each animal is 0.57 mm Hg with Dog ft4 having an SD mean of the first month.
    | Table 2: Intracameral Bimatoprost implant: IOP results. 120 ug 120uUg / 120ug | 270uUg 'LE rm A as [Bi os fees ms ma Bea Os TS ec Re FE ss SS Average = na j160 138 CE ao ma Experiment 3: An additional bimatoprost implant formulation with 20% agent therapeutic, formulation of 45% R203S, 10% R202H, '20% RG752S and 5% PEG 3350 was manufactured with a total weight of the implant of about 300ug (drug load of about 60 ug) . É implant weights are shown in Table 3, each animal received two implants.
    The in vitro release rates for this implant are shown in Figure 5. Table 3 shows the weights of the implant and the loads of therapeutic agent used in the dogs for Experiment 3. Each animal received 2 intracameral implants in 1 eye.
    The implants release about 15% of the drug load during the first month.
    An implant with a drug load of 60 µg would release 9 µg during the first 30 days or 300 ng per day thereafter.
    In other words, the implant releases about 50 µg for 60 days or about 700 ng / day.
    Table 3: Weights of the therapeutic implant (20% load, ug) ana AS walked] aaa ant Ls OO o er The implants were loaded in customized applicators with 25G UTW needles.
    Under general anesthesia, normal beagle dogs had the implant inserted in the right anterior chamber through the clean cornea and
    : the wound was self-sealed. Each animal (n = 3) received two implants in the eye and the right. The implant did not show inflammation clinically and a photograph: representative of an implant in the anterior chamber is seen in Figure 6. * The results of IOP and SD of the mean during the first month are shown in Table 2. The mean of the SD in the Table 2 of the four dogs (total) from experiments 2 and 3 treated with bimatoprost implants was 0.57 mmHg.
    The variability in IOP of dogs in Experiment 1 dosed with bimatoprost eye drops as measured by the final SD value was 1.38 mmHg. In contrast, the final SD value with sustained-release bimatoprost implants was 0.57 mmHg. There was approximately one. three-fold reduction in the final SD value demonstrating that the “sustained-release bimatoprost” implant described here is superior to bolus dosing with topical bimatoprost to reduce IOP fluctuations over time.
    Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers that express quantities of ingredients, properties, such as molecular weight, reaction conditions and so on, used in the specification and in the claims should be understood as being modified in all cases by the term "about". Thus, unless otherwise indicated, the numerical parameters established in the specification and in the appended claims are approximations that may vary depending on the desired properties sought by the present invention. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numerical parameter must be at least interpreted in the light of the number of significant digits reported and applying ordinary rounding techniques. Despite the fact that the numerical values and parameters establishing the broad scope of the invention are approximations, the numerical values established in the specific examples are reported as precisely as possible. Any numerical value, however, inherently contains errors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation found in their respective test measurements.
    'The terms "um," "uma", "o / a" and similar referents used in +. context of the description of the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) should be interpreted as including the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated here or clearly contradicted by the context. The recitation of the ranges of values here is merely intended to serve as a shortcut method of individually referencing each separate value falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated here, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were specifically mentioned here. All methods described here can be performed in any appropriate order unless otherwise indicated here or otherwise clearly contradicted by the context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (for example, "such as"), provided herein is merely intended to better illuminate the invention and does not have a limitation on the scope of the invention otherwise claimed. No language in the report should be interpreted as indicating any unclaimed element essential to the practice of the invention.
    Groups of alternative elements or embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are not to be construed as a limitation. Each member of the group can be referenced and claimed individually or in any combination with other members of the group or other elements found here. It must be anticipated that one or more elements of a group may be included or deleted from a group for reasons of convenience and / or patentability. When any such inclusion or exclusion occurs, the specification is considered to contain the group as modified, thus satisfying the written description of all Markush groups used in the attached claims.
    Certain embodiments of this invention are described here, including the inventors' best way to conduct the invention. Of course, variations in these described modalities will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. The inventor expects the expert in the art to employ such variations as appropriate, and the inventors intend that the invention be practiced in a manner other than
    : specifically described here. Thus, this invention includes all modifications and equivalents of the subject matter recited in the claims attached to it as permitted by applicable law. In addition, any combination of the elements described above in all possible variations thereof is included by the invention unless otherwise indicated here or otherwise clearly contradicted by the context.
    In addition, numerous references were made to patents and printed publications throughout this specification. Each of the aforementioned references and printed publications are individually incorporated into the reference in their entirety. To conclude, it should be understood that the modalities of the invention disclosed here are illustrative of the principles of the present invention. -Or-. other modifications that can be employed are within the scope of the invention. Thus, by way of example, but not limitation, alternative configurations of the present invention can be used in accordance with the teachings in this document. Thus, the present invention is not limited to that precisely as shown and described.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    . * 12: CLAIMS. 1. Use of at least one therapeutic agent, characterized by the fact that it is in the preparation of a biodegradable sustained release implant to treat an eye condition, in which the biodegradable sustained release implant comprises said therapeutic agent and is produced for release about 100 ng per day of at least one bioactive agent for a period of more than about 1 month and in which the biodegradable sustained release implant is produced for the purpose of being implanted in the anterior chamber of an eye.
    [2]
    2. Use according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the eye condition is glaucoma.
    [3]
    3. Use according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the eye condition is a high intraocular pressure.
    [4]
    4. Use according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the sustained release implant releases about 70% of the at least one therapeutic agent during the first month.
    [5]
    5. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the at least one therapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of: latanoprost, bimatoprost and travoprost and their salts, estersese prodrugs.
    [6]
    6. Use according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the biodegradable sustained release implant comprises about 30% of therapeutic agent.
    [7]
    7. Use according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the biodegradable sustained release implant comprises about 5% to about 70% poly (D, L-lactide).
    [8]
    8. Use according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the biodegradable sustained release implant comprises about 5% to about 40% poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide).
    [9]
    9. Use according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the biodegradable sustained release implant comprises about 5% to about 40% polyethylene glycol.
    í Í 212 ç
    [10]
    Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by-. the fact that the biodegradable sustained release implant comprises about 30% therapeutic agent, 65% poly (D, L-lactide) and 5% polyethylene glycol.
    [11]
    11. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the biodegradable sustained release implant comprises about 20% of therapeutic agent, 55% of poly (D, L-lactide), 10% of powder - lixDL-lactide-co-glycolide) and 5% polyethylene glycol.
    [12]
    : 12. Use according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the implant is produced with the purpose that its implantation step is carried out using an applicator.
    [13]
    13. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the biodegradable sustained release implant is sedimented at the lower angle within 24 hours of implantation into the anterior chamber.
    [14]
    14. Use according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that sufficient time for at least two biodegradable sustained release implants to release at least one therapeutic agent is greater than about 42 days.
    [15]
    15. Biodegradable sustained release implant to treat an eye condition, characterized by the fact that it comprises at least one therapeutic agent and in which it is produced with the purpose of releasing about 100 ng per day of at least one bioactive agent for one period greater than about 1 month when implanted in the anterior chamber of an eye.
    G. 1 AO: THE SS OF "FB
    Í Á ESA
    Nu DD TA> / X d 4 E O | L Sd / 'Implant FIG. 3 us E 3 I | | ! | l | | ! ! | and if q rd aa a If tda tala be! | ! ! 'l | 8, 8% Pt AT poses A | SNw ES «! ! 1 rt 1 14! 3 islLs Sado qo ao a [88 ES i Ro RS AN 1 di | 258, i 1d 1 1 | / & ssslrs and that of SS SS = | Ltd A 3 S | A à ê $ | 1%) 1 1 OS | saw | | | | | | S oa! | | o |! | ] | I E A to P | the A | o | ! | | | ! Ss 1 to! EA | | GIVING | | | |
    EA NA! | | | 'ib! ! ss 1! ; 1! | | Ss | | <| I I! | ! ! RI dO No | 15 Ss 1 1 through NR | | | I and e | SD | O O sw 8 & 8 RR 8 8 8 RR Q Ss (%) 1810) oBSelaqdIT
    "= ns! | | | | | | 1 | |! | |! I 1 1 I 1! À 1 | |!! I! |; |! | | | | 1h 1! I 1 E | | th | | l | I | | 1 | É t | | II À |! | |!!! | ini 1] IN E A Ss DN Pd dd 2! INI E Tt Tt 4d A): KIDNEYS 1 Ss SN NL TA 8 DI SRI W 1 1 14 io IN INI 1 1 ja INI dO | po | RR> tr E NI 37 E O! Ta IS ANE 2 Ss xx! I SS O ro i ec E FSC SS | IN | - SE SS se l A Ê RS Es I No so R FS | 1 | | = If Sx Qe |! Cb, Ss sS & à & S 58 tA Ss 8 oa E 3s is PANOS Ss SS as 1 1 | à => au ce cel NA in the ER 1 NO ES SS SS VT ta s ss ss ss | | 1 Ss SE SS RSRS!!! | Do!. 7 * a [hollow 1 Ss Ss SE S REE SAR So (%) 1810) oBóBlaqIT í 5/5 FIG. 6
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    法律状态:
    2021-04-13| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2021-04-13| B07D| Technical examination (opinion) related to article 229 of industrial property law [chapter 7.4 patent gazette]|Free format text: DE ACORDO COM O ARTIGO 229-C DA LEI NO 10196/2001, QUE MODIFICOU A LEI NO 9279/96, A CONCESSAO DA PATENTE ESTA CONDICIONADA A ANUENCIA PREVIA DA ANVISA. CONSIDERANDO A APROVACAO DOS TERMOS DO PARECER NO 337/PGF/EA/2010, BEM COMO A PORTARIA INTERMINISTERIAL NO 1065 DE 24/05/2012, ENCAMINHA-SE O PRESENTE PEDIDO PARA AS PROVIDENCIAS CABIVEIS. |
    2021-09-08| B07G| Grant request does not fulfill article 229-c lpi (prior consent of anvisa) [chapter 7.7 patent gazette]|Free format text: NOTIFICACAO DE DEVOLUCAO DO PEDIDO EM FUNCAO DA REVOGACAO DO ART. 229-C DA LEI NO 9.279, DE 1996, POR FORCA DA LEI NO 14.195, DE 2021 |
    2021-09-14| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2022-01-18| B07A| Application suspended after technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US29766010P| true| 2010-01-22|2010-01-22|
    US61/297,660|2010-01-22|
    PCT/US2011/021971|WO2011091205A2|2010-01-22|2011-01-21|Intracameral sustained release therapeutic agent implants|
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